A DNA sequence can be represented as a string consisting of the letters A, C, G and T, which correspond to the types of successive nucleotides in the sequence. Each nucleotide has an impact factor, which is an integer. Nucleotides of types A, C, G and T have impact factors of 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. You are going to answer several queries of the form: What is the minimal impact factor of nucleotides contained in a particular part of the given DNA sequence?
The DNA sequence is given as a non-empty string S = S[0]S[1]...S[N-1] consisting of N characters. There are M queries, which are given in non-empty arrays P and Q, each consisting of M integers. The K-th query (0 ≤ K < M) requires you to find the minimal impact factor of nucleotides contained in the DNA sequence between positions P[K] and Q[K] (inclusive).
For example, consider string S = CAGCCTA and arrays P, Q such that:
P[0] = 2 Q[0] = 4 P[1] = 5 Q[1] = 5 P[2] = 0 Q[2] = 6The answers to these M = 3 queries are as follows:
- The part of the DNA between positions 2 and 4 contains nucleotides G and C (twice), whose impact factors are 3 and 2 respectively, so the answer is 2.
 - The part between positions 5 and 5 contains a single nucleotide T, whose impact factor is 4, so the answer is 4.
 - The part between positions 0 and 6 (the whole string) contains all nucleotides, in particular nucleotide A whose impact factor is 1, so the answer is 1.
 
Write a function:
object Solution { def solution(s: String, p: Array[Int], q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] }
that, given a non-empty string S consisting of N characters and two non-empty arrays P and Q consisting of M integers, returns an array consisting of M integers specifying the consecutive answers to all queries.
Result array should be returned as an array of integers.
For example, given the string S = CAGCCTA and arrays P, Q such that:
P[0] = 2 Q[0] = 4 P[1] = 5 Q[1] = 5 P[2] = 0 Q[2] = 6the function should return the values [2, 4, 1], as explained above.
Write an efficient algorithm for the following assumptions:
- N is an integer within the range [1..100,000];
 - M is an integer within the range [1..50,000];
 - each element of arrays P and Q is an integer within the range [0..N - 1];
 - P[K] ≤ Q[K], where 0 ≤ K < M;
 - string S consists only of upper-case English letters A, C, G, T.
 
import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        val M = P.length
        val results = Array.fill(M)(0)
        println(results.length)
        results
    }
}
            3
import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        val M = P.length
        val results = Array.fill(M)(0)
        val impacts = S map {
            case 'A' => 1
            case 'C' => 2
            case 'G' => 3
            case 'T' => 4
            case _   => sys.error("Invalid input")
        }
        println(impacts)
        results
    }
}
            Vector(2, 1, 3, 2, 2, 4, 1)
import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        val M = P.length
        val results = Array.fill(M)(0)
        val impacts = S map {
            case 'A' => 1
            case 'C' => 2
            case 'G' => 3
            case 'T' => 4
            case _   => sys.error("Invalid input")
        }
        (P zip Q).zipWithIndex foreach {
            case ((p, q), i) =>
                results(i) = p
        }
        results
    }
}
            import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        val M = P.length
        val results = Array.fill(M)(0)
        
        @scala.annotation.tailrec
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char, index: Int, accum: Array[Int], last: Int): Array[Int] = {
            if (index >= S.size()) accum
            else {
                val nextValue = 
                    if (S.charAt(index) == check) last + 1
                    else last
                accum(index) = nextValue
                makePrefixCounts(check, index + 1, accum, nextValue)
            }
        }
        
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] =
            makePrefixCounts(check, 0, Array.fill(S.size())(0), 0)
            
        val A = makePrefixCounts('A')
        val C = makePrefixCounts('C')
        val G = makePrefixCounts('G')
        // val T = makePrefixCounts('T')
        
        val hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = false
            
        (P zip Q).zipWithIndex foreach {
            case ((p, q), i) =>
                val minValue =
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                    else 4
                result(i) = minValue
        }
        results
    }
}
            Solution.scala:13: error: Int does not take parameters
            if (index >= S.size()) accum
                               ^
Solution.scala:24: error: Int does not take parameters
            makePrefixCounts(check, 0, Array.fill(S.size())(0), 0)
                                                        ^
Solution.scala:31: error: not found: value hasInRange
        val hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = false
            ^
Solution.scala:36: error: not found: value hasInRange
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                        ^
Solution.scala:37: error: not found: value hasInRange
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                             ^
Solution.scala:38: error: not found: value hasInRange
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                             ^
Solution.scala:40: error: not found: value result
                result(i) = minValue
                ^
Solution.scala:23: error: method makePrefixCounts is defined twice
  conflicting symbols both originated in file '/tmp/Solution.scala'
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] =
            ^
8 errors found
  
          
            
          
        
      import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        val M = P.length
        val results = Array.fill(M)(0)
        
        @scala.annotation.tailrec
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char, index: Int, accum: Array[Int], last: Int): Array[Int] = {
            if (index >= S.size) accum
            else {
                val nextValue = 
                    if (S.charAt(index) == check) last + 1
                    else last
                accum(index) = nextValue
                makePrefixCounts(check, index + 1, accum, nextValue)
            }
        }
        
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] =
            makePrefixCounts(check, 0, Array.fill(S.size)(0), 0)
            
        val A = makePrefixCounts('A')
        val C = makePrefixCounts('C')
        val G = makePrefixCounts('G')
        // val T = makePrefixCounts('T')
        
        val hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = false
            
        (P zip Q).zipWithIndex foreach {
            case ((p, q), i) =>
                val minValue =
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                    else 4
                result(i) = minValue
        }
        results
    }
}
            Solution.scala:31: error: not found: value hasInRange
        val hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = false
            ^
Solution.scala:36: error: not found: value hasInRange
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                        ^
Solution.scala:37: error: not found: value hasInRange
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                             ^
Solution.scala:38: error: not found: value hasInRange
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                             ^
Solution.scala:40: error: not found: value result
                result(i) = minValue
                ^
Solution.scala:23: error: method makePrefixCounts is defined twice
  conflicting symbols both originated in file '/tmp/Solution.scala'
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] =
            ^
6 errors found
  
          
            
          
        
      import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        val M = P.length
        val results = Array.fill(M)(0)
        
        @scala.annotation.tailrec
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char, index: Int, accum: Array[Int], last: Int): Array[Int] = {
            if (index >= S.size) accum
            else {
                val nextValue = 
                    if (S.charAt(index) == check) last + 1
                    else last
                accum(index) = nextValue
                makePrefixCounts(check, index + 1, accum, nextValue)
            }
        }
        
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] =
            makePrefixCounts(check, 0, Array.fill(S.size)(0), 0)
            
        val A = makePrefixCounts('A')
        val C = makePrefixCounts('C')
        val G = makePrefixCounts('G')
        // val T = makePrefixCounts('T')
        
        def hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = false
            
        (P zip Q).zipWithIndex foreach {
            case ((p, q), i) =>
                val minValue =
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                    else 4
                result(i) = minValue
        }
        results
    }
}
            Solution.scala:40: error: not found: value result
                result(i) = minValue
                ^
Solution.scala:23: error: method makePrefixCounts is defined twice
  conflicting symbols both originated in file '/tmp/Solution.scala'
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] =
            ^
two errors found
  
          
            
          
        
      import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        val M = P.length
        val results = Array.fill(M)(0)
        
        
        
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] = {
            @scala.annotation.tailrec
            def go(check: Char, index: Int, accum: Array[Int], last: Int): Array[Int] = {
                if (index >= S.size) accum
                else {
                    val nextValue = 
                        if (S.charAt(index) == check) last + 1
                        else last
                    accum(index) = nextValue
                    makePrefixCounts(check, index + 1, accum, nextValue)
                }
            }
            go(check, 0, Array.fill(S.size)(0), 0)
        }
            
        val A = makePrefixCounts('A')
        val C = makePrefixCounts('C')
        val G = makePrefixCounts('G')
        // val T = makePrefixCounts('T')
        
        def hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = false
            
        (P zip Q).zipWithIndex foreach {
            case ((p, q), i) =>
                val minValue =
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                    else 4
                results(i) = minValue
        }
        results
    }
}
            Solution.scala:22: error: too many arguments for method makePrefixCounts: (check: Char)Array[Int]
                    makePrefixCounts(check, index + 1, accum, nextValue)
                                    ^
one error found
  
          
            
          
        
      import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        val M = P.length
        val results = Array.fill(M)(0)
        
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] = {
            @scala.annotation.tailrec
            def go(check: Char, index: Int, accum: Array[Int], last: Int): Array[Int] = {
                if (index >= S.size) accum
                else {
                    val nextValue = 
                        if (S.charAt(index) == check) last + 1
                        else last
                    accum(index) = nextValue
                    go(check, index + 1, accum, nextValue)
                }
            }
            go(check, 0, Array.fill(S.size)(0), 0)
        }
            
        val A = makePrefixCounts('A')
        val C = makePrefixCounts('C')
        val G = makePrefixCounts('G')
        // val T = makePrefixCounts('T')
        
        def hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = false
            
        (P zip Q).zipWithIndex foreach {
            case ((p, q), i) =>
                val minValue =
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                    else 4
                results(i) = minValue
        }
        results
    }
}
            import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        val M = P.length
        val results = Array.fill(M)(0)
        
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] = {
            @scala.annotation.tailrec
            def go(check: Char, index: Int, accum: Array[Int], last: Int): Array[Int] = {
                if (index >= S.size) accum
                else {
                    val nextValue = 
                        if (S.charAt(index) == check) last + 1
                        else last
                    accum(index) = nextValue
                    go(check, index + 1, accum, nextValue)
                }
            }
            go(check, 0, Array.fill(S.size)(0), 0)
        }
            
        val A = makePrefixCounts('A')
        val C = makePrefixCounts('C')
        val G = makePrefixCounts('G')
        // Not needed because if it's not the above 3, it must be T.
        // val T = makePrefixCounts('T')
        
        def hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = {
            val atP = if (p == 0) 0 else a(p) 
            val atQ = a(q)
            (atQ - atP) > 0
        }
            
            
        (P zip Q).zipWithIndex foreach {
            case ((p, q), i) =>
                val minValue =
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                    else 4
                results(i) = minValue
        }
        results
    }
}
            import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        val M = P.length
        val results = Array.fill(M)(0)
        
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] = {
            @scala.annotation.tailrec
            def go(check: Char, index: Int, accum: Array[Int], last: Int): Array[Int] = {
                if (index >= S.size) accum
                else {
                    val nextValue = 
                        if (S.charAt(index) == check) last + 1
                        else last
                    accum(index) = nextValue
                    go(check, index + 1, accum, nextValue)
                }
            }
            go(check, 0, Array.fill(S.size)(0), 0)
        }
            
        val A = makePrefixCounts('A')
        val C = makePrefixCounts('C')
        val G = makePrefixCounts('G')
        // Not needed because if it's not the above 3, it must be T.
        // val T = makePrefixCounts('T')
        
        def hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = {
            val atP = if (p == 0) 0 else a(p - 1) 
            val atQ = a(q)
            (atQ - atP) > 0
        }
            
            
        (P zip Q).zipWithIndex foreach {
            case ((p, q), i) =>
                val minValue =
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                    else 4
                results(i) = minValue
        }
        results
    }
}
            import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] = {
            @scala.annotation.tailrec
            def go(check: Char, index: Int, accum: Array[Int], last: Int): Array[Int] = {
                if (index >= S.size) accum
                else {
                    val nextValue = 
                        if (S.charAt(index) == check) last + 1
                        else last
                    accum(index) = nextValue
                    go(check, index + 1, accum, nextValue)
                }
            }
            go(check, 0, Array.fill(S.size)(0), 0)
        }
            
        val A = makePrefixCounts('A')
        val C = makePrefixCounts('C')
        val G = makePrefixCounts('G')
        // Not needed because if it's not the above 3, it must be T.
        // val T = makePrefixCounts('T')
        
        def hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = {
            val atP = if (p == 0) 0 else a(p - 1) 
            val atQ = a(q)
            (atQ - atP) > 0
        }
                
        // val results = Array.fill(P.length)(0)    
        // (P zip Q).zipWithIndex foreach {
        //     case ((p, q), i) =>
                
        //         results(i) = minValue
        // }
        
        @scala.annotation.tailrec
        def loop(index: Int, result: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
            if (index >= P.length) result
            else {
                val p = P(index)
                val q = Q(index)
                val minValue =
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                    else 4
                result(index) = minValue
                loop(index + 1, result)
            }
        }
    }
}
            Solution.scala:58: error: type mismatch;
 found   : Unit
 required: Array[Int]
    }
    ^
one error found
  
          
            
          
        
      import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] = {
            @scala.annotation.tailrec
            def go(check: Char, index: Int, accum: Array[Int], last: Int): Array[Int] = {
                if (index >= S.size) accum
                else {
                    val nextValue = 
                        if (S.charAt(index) == check) last + 1
                        else last
                    accum(index) = nextValue
                    go(check, index + 1, accum, nextValue)
                }
            }
            go(check, 0, Array.fill(S.size)(0), 0)
        }
            
        val A = makePrefixCounts('A')
        val C = makePrefixCounts('C')
        val G = makePrefixCounts('G')
        // Not needed because if it's not the above 3, it must be T.
        // val T = makePrefixCounts('T')
        
        def hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = {
            val atP = if (p == 0) 0 else a(p - 1) 
            val atQ = a(q)
            (atQ - atP) > 0
        }
                
        // val results = Array.fill(P.length)(0)    
        // (P zip Q).zipWithIndex foreach {
        //     case ((p, q), i) =>
                
        //         results(i) = minValue
        // }
        
        val K = P.length
        @scala.annotation.tailrec
        def loop(index: Int, result: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
            if (index >= K) result
            else {
                val p = P(index)
                val q = Q(index)
                val minValue =
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                    else 4
                result(index) = minValue
                loop(index + 1, result)
            }
        }
        loop(K, Array.fill(K)(0))
    }
}
            import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] = {
            @scala.annotation.tailrec
            def go(check: Char, index: Int, accum: Array[Int], last: Int): Array[Int] = {
                if (index >= S.size) accum
                else {
                    val nextValue = 
                        if (S.charAt(index) == check) last + 1
                        else last
                    accum(index) = nextValue
                    go(check, index + 1, accum, nextValue)
                }
            }
            go(check, 0, Array.fill(S.size)(0), 0)
        }
            
        val A = makePrefixCounts('A')
        val C = makePrefixCounts('C')
        val G = makePrefixCounts('G')
        // Not needed because if it's not the above 3, it must be T.
        // val T = makePrefixCounts('T')
        
        def hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = {
            val atP = if (p == 0) 0 else a(p - 1) 
            val atQ = a(q)
            (atQ - atP) > 0
        }
                
        // val results = Array.fill(P.length)(0)    
        // (P zip Q).zipWithIndex foreach {
        //     case ((p, q), i) =>
                
        //         results(i) = minValue
        // }
        
        val K = P.length
        @scala.annotation.tailrec
        def loop(index: Int, result: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
            if (index >= K) result
            else {
                val p = P(index)
                val q = Q(index)
                val minValue =
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                    else 4
                result(index) = minValue
                loop(index + 1, result)
            }
        }
        loop(0, Array.fill(K)(0))
    }
}
            import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] = {
            @scala.annotation.tailrec
            def go(check: Char, index: Int, accum: Array[Int], last: Int): Array[Int] = {
                if (index >= S.size) accum
                else {
                    val nextValue = 
                        if (S.charAt(index) == check) last + 1
                        else last
                    accum(index) = nextValue
                    go(check, index + 1, accum, nextValue)
                }
            }
            go(check, 0, Array.fill(S.size)(0), 0)
        }
            
        val A = makePrefixCounts('A')
        val C = makePrefixCounts('C')
        val G = makePrefixCounts('G')
        // Don't need counts for `T` because if it's none of the other 3, it must be `T`.
        
        def hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = {
            val atP = if (p == 0) 0 else a(p - 1) 
            val atQ = a(q)
            (atQ - atP) > 0
        }
        
        val K = P.length
        @scala.annotation.tailrec
        def loop(index: Int, result: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
            if (index >= K) result
            else {
                val p = P(index)
                val q = Q(index)
                val minValue =
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                    else 4
                result(index) = minValue
                loop(index + 1, result)
            }
        }
        loop(0, Array.fill(K)(0))
    }
}
            import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
// you can use println for debugging purposes, e.g.
// println("this is a debug message")
object Solution {
    def solution(S: String, P: Array[Int], Q: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
        
        def makePrefixCounts(check: Char): Array[Int] = {
            @scala.annotation.tailrec
            def go(check: Char, index: Int, accum: Array[Int], last: Int): Array[Int] = {
                if (index >= S.size) accum
                else {
                    val nextValue = 
                        if (S.charAt(index) == check) last + 1
                        else last
                    accum(index) = nextValue
                    go(check, index + 1, accum, nextValue)
                }
            }
            go(check, 0, Array.fill(S.size)(0), 0)
        }
            
        val A = makePrefixCounts('A')
        val C = makePrefixCounts('C')
        val G = makePrefixCounts('G')
        // Don't need counts for `T` because if it's none of the other 3, it must be `T`.
        
        def hasInRange(a: Array[Int], p: Int, q: Int): Boolean = {
            val atP = if (p == 0) 0 else a(p - 1) 
            val atQ = a(q)
            (atQ - atP) > 0
        }
        
        val K = P.length
        @scala.annotation.tailrec
        def loop(index: Int, result: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
            if (index >= K) result
            else {
                val p = P(index)
                val q = Q(index)
                val minValue =
                    if (hasInRange(A, p, q)) 1
                    else if (hasInRange(C, p, q)) 2
                    else if (hasInRange(G, p, q)) 3
                    else 4
                result(index) = minValue
                loop(index + 1, result)
            }
        }
        loop(0, Array.fill(K)(0))
    }
}
            The solution obtained perfect score.